Portugal Colonial - Sobering reality: Curbs on alcohol in northeast Syria cause discontent

Residents of the region, which is home to many Kurds, have been feeling the pinch since Damascus took control of the nearby Semalka border crossing with Iraq in April under a deal to integrate Kurdish military and civilian institutions into the state.

Syria's new Islamist leaders -- who toppled longtime ruler Bashar al-Assad in 2024 -- have not officially prohibited importing alcohol but have imposed hefty new taxes and stricter rules on its consumption.

As a result, the entry of alcohol via the crossing with Iraqi Kurdistan has become more restricted, "and now only smuggled alcohol reaches us", said Ibrahim, 30, from the Kurdish-majority city of Qamishli.

"Anything smuggled has a much higher price, plus transport costs... so it's gone up a lot," he told AFP.

While Islam prohibits the consumption of alcohol, Syria's Muslim-majority Kurdish community is considered relatively liberal on the matter, though some still avoid drinking in public.

This year, Syrian media outlets circulated a finance ministry decision to increase taxes on alcoholic beverages, requiring importers and producers to foot the bill.

Finance Minister Mohammed Barnieh later justified the move on social media, saying it aimed to "limit the consumption of products that are damaging to health".

He added that the measure was also meant to bring in tax revenue for "programmes supporting the health sector and social security", and to encourage Syrian exports.

But the move has not gone over well with drinkers, according to Ibrahim.

"Our customers are very disgruntled. Before, they would buy half a litre of whisky for $7, but now it's $12," he told AFP.

"Many of our shelves are now empty" because of a lack of new stock, he said, adding that locally produced alcohol was not an attractive enough alternative for drinkers.

- 'It was better before' -

"If the situation stays like this, everyone will close their shops because Syrian goods are barely profitable -- they aren't enough to cover the high costs," Ibrahim said.

At a nearly empty bar in Qamishli, Karl Hussein, 25, said the higher prices "have really affected us".

"We used to go out every Thursday night and whenever we had the chance, but now we go out once a month."

Authorities have also stopped people from bringing in alcohol via the airport, one arriving traveller told AFP.

In Qamishli, bar worker Shuaib Hamdi, 28, complained about the lack of business following restrictions from authorities that were "predominantly Islamic in character".

"These new authorities initially banned the sale of alcoholic beverages in many areas and restricted their sale to specific parts of Damascus and other areas," he said.

In March, the authorities had limited sales in the capital to a number of Christian districts.

"Apart from our regulars, we might only get one or two other customers a month because of the high prices," Hamdi said.

Now when he makes cocktails, he said he tries to cut back on some ingredients.

But "this affects the quality of the taste and the service", he said.

"The customers tell me it was better before."

T.Vitorino--PC